Performance of organic dyes for textile cotton fabric

This research was focus on optimum dye concentration for self-cleaning properties for uncoated and coated dyed cotton fabrics through physical and mechanical properties. The dyed cotton fabrics were coated with aqueous emulsion C6-fluorocarbon. C6-fluorocarbon is an organic coating consisting of solid particles where it will dissolve in a specific formulated solvent. Cotton fabrics have cellulose and abundant hydroxyl groups structure where it will make hydrophilic properties where the fiber can provide an appropriate environment for microorganism growth in contact with water and sweats. Therefore, aqueous emulsion C6-fluorocarbon was coated as a hydrophobic coating to overcome the problem of dyed cotton fabric. Moreover, this research was aim to find the optimum concentration of dye with superhydrophobic layer and the comparison of natural dyes with synthetic dye, Golden Yellow with physical and mechanical tests. The test involved were water contact angle, crocking, weather resistance of fabric, washing, abrasion and bursting test. It was found that F (wt/wt%) was the optimum dye concentration and has the highest contact angle. The coated dyed fabric has higher mechanical and physical properties compared to the uncoated dyed fabric which can replace the usage of synthetic dye

Penilaian model matematik bagi pertumbuhan mikroalga Characium sp. UKM1, Chlorella sp. UKM2 dan Coelastrella sp. UKM4 dalam air larut resapan sintetik

Mikroalga berpotensi sebagai agen fikoremediasi air sisa dan metabolit yang terhasil dalam biojisim mikroalga mampu diaplikasikan dalam bidang bioteknologi. Pertumbuhan mikroalga dalam air sisa menjadi petunjuk bahawa mikroalga mampu hidup dalam persekitaran ekstrim dan menjadi agen fikoremediasi air sisa. Oleh itu, model matematik yang terbaik bagi kinetik pertumbuhan mikroalga yang dikultur dalam air sisa perlu dikaji bagi menentukan model yang tepat untuk digunakan pada masa akan datang. Dalam kajian ini, penilaian model matematik yang terbaik terhadap tiga mikroalga tempatan, Characium sp. UKM1, Chlorella sp. UKM2 dan Coelastrella sp. UKM4 yang dikultur dalam air larut resapan sintetik dianalisis dengan menggunakan tiga model matematik iaitu logistik, logistik terubah suai dan Gompertz terubah suai. Selain itu, analisis statistik dijalankan bagi penentuan model terbaik dengan mengambil kira nilai regressi terubah suai (adj R2), ralat tambah kuasa dua (SSE), punca min ralat kuasa dua (RMSE), faktor bias (BF), faktor kejituan (AF) dan peratus ramalan ralat piawai (%SEP). Hasil menunjukkan model yang terbaik bagi ketiga-tiga mikroalga dalam air larut resapan sintetik adalah model Gompertz terubah suai. Ini disebabkan oleh beberapa ciri antaranya plot residual yang mendekati model matematik, nilai BF yang mendekati nilai satu, serta nilai terendah %SEP berbanding model matematik yang lain. Kesimpulannya, model Gompertz terubah suai adalah model penyesuaian yang terbaik terhadap pertumbuhan mikroalga dalam air larut resapan sintetik

EEG signal analysis and characterization for the aid of disabled people

The effectiveness of assistive devices for disabled people is often limited by the human machine interface. This research proposes an intelligent wheelchair system especially for severely disabled people based on analysing electroencephalographic signals by using discrete wavelet transform and higher order statistical methods. The system to be implemented in Field Programmable Gate Array enables an accurate and efficient system of processing signals to control the wheelchair, which makes an attractive option in the hardware realization

A review: properties of silicon carbide materials in MEMS application

The paper presents the review properties of silicon carbide materials in the MEMS application. The study aims to explore silicon carbide in MEMS technology which considers the development of microscale and integrated devices that combine electronics, electrical and mechanical elements. MEMS has become a key area micro-device technology which incorporates materials, mechanical, electrical, chemical and optical disciplines as well as fluid engineering. The prevalence of MEMS technology in harsh environments has grown tremendously in recent years, especially at high temperatures up to 1240 ̊C, wider bandgap (2.3 – 3.4 eV), a higher breakdown field (30 × 105 V/cm), a higher thermal conductivity (3.2 – 4.9 W/cm- K), a higher saturation velocity (2.5 × 107 cm/s), higher oxidation, corrosive environments and higher radiation. Recent developments in robust MEMS for extreme environments such as MEMS pressure sensors have been widely used in ships, warships, gas turbine engines, cars and biomedical equipment. The growing demand for MEMS pressure sensors with high-temperature operating capabilities, mainly for automotive, gas turbine engine and aerospace applications was investigated from this study as alternative silicon carbide to silicon in the fabrication of these devices

Fetal QRS complex Detection Algorithm for FPGA Implementation

An algorithm has been developed for the simultaneous measurement of the fetal and maternal heart rates from the maternal abdominal electrocardiogram during pregnancy and labor for fetal monitoring. The algorithm is based on crosscorrelation, adaptive thresholding and statistical properties in the time domain. Hardware description language - VHDL has been used to implement the algorithm for FPGA implementation. The design is synthesized and fitted into Altera’s Stratix EP1S10 using the Quartus II platform. Test case results showed an error percentage of around ±0.3% and ±0.5% for the detection of maternal and fetal heart rate respectively

VCO Enterprise / Ahmad Faisal Mohd...[et.al]

VCO Enterprise was incorporated in Jasin, Melaka. This company is incorporated for the purpose of enforce agriculture sector by using pure extraction of coconut oil from pandan variety. This is in compliance with the government vision in "Rancangan Malaysia Ke-9" (RMK-I0) stated where the government encourage the involvement of public sector in development of agriculture sector. This site of our project is stated on 3 acre land which already planted with coconut and located Simpang Kerayong, Jasin, near our office at Jasin town. The nature of our business are manufacturing and selling. As for beginning, we will only using the coconut from our farm as mentioned previously to ensure high quality materials for our products. We are ensuring that our products are highly effective and completely made from all natural ingredients extracted using high technology machineries.. We will target several areas in Melaka such as UiTM KJM, Politeknik Merlimau and few places in Semabok. Details information and certificates will be given along with the products to give brief information for the users about our products specials which are highly guaranteed by associate researchers. We're aiming for a better and conducive growth and return from what we will invest in the business

Handwritten character recognition using fuzzy wavelet: a VHDL approach

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Single core hardware module to implement encryption in TECB mode

The growth of the Internet as a vehicle for secure communication has resulted in Data Encryption Standard (DES) no longer capable of providing high-level security for data protection. Triple Data Encryption Standard (3DES) is a symmetric block cipher with 192 bits key proposed to further enhance DES. Many applications crave for the speed of a hardware encryption implementation while trying to preserve the flexibility and low cost of a software implementation. This project used single core module to implement encryption in Triple DES Electronic Code Book (TECB) mode, which was modeled using hardware description language VHDL. The architecture was mapped in Altera EPF10K100EFC484-1 and EP20K200EFC672-1X for performance investigations and resulted in achieving encryption rate of 102.56 Mbps, area utilization of 2111 logic cells (25%) and a higher maximum operating frequency of 78.59 MHz by implementing on the larger FPGA device EP20K200EFC672-1X. It also suggested that 3DES hardware was 2.4 times faster than its software counterpart

Low Frequency Noise Measurements And Analysis Of Capacitive Micro-Accelerometers

Capacitive-sensing micro-accelerometers are being used by the hundreds of millions in the automobile safety systems, health care and consumer electronics products. Their performance is limited by the combined effects of the thermally-dependant electrical and mechanical noise sources. They limit the detectable levels of the devices for low acceleration and their precision in high accuracy applications. A thorough review of noise in MEMS, including micro-accelerometers, was published as part of the background studies for this research. Two research groups from Tohoku and Michigan investigated both noise sources of their prototypes at room temperature. Their results showed the existence of 1/f noise at low frequencies, and white noise at higher frequencies. The 1/f noise is thought to be electrical in origin. However, both groups reported mismatches between simulated and measured data. Concurrently, another group from TU-Delft characterized directly the mechanical-thermal noise spectrum from their custom micro-sensors without the electronics system. They demonstrated the existence of ambient pressure-independent 1/f noise, and noted the likelihood of its having mechanical origin. These results demonstrate the need to perform further noise studies on capacitive micro-accelerometers. The data could be useful when these devices are used for critical applications, such as rate responsive heart pacemakers and defibrillators. This thesis describes custom apparatus and measurement techniques to study the low frequency noise characteristics of commercial capacitive micro-accelerometers. They were used to demonstrate the dependence of noise on temperature and acceleration, the two most dynamic parameters that affect the output accuracies